Application Of Nonlinear Dynamics in Power Electronic

The presentation starts with the motivation. In addition it is stressed that animations are extensively used throughout the presentation. The covered topic has two main parts. In the first part a brief overview is given on the theoretical background of nonlinear dynamics. In the second part in a few examples the results of the application of nonlinear dynamics in power electronics are summarized.

First part: The overview of nonlinear dynamics starts with a short introdution about the recent discoveries and new concepts, terms such as bifurcations, fractal geometry, Lyapunov exponent, manifold, period doubling, Poincaré map, strange attractor etc. The main chapters in the first part are as follows: Continuous and discrete models in state space including the Poincaré concept and one example are discussed with animated figures. Regular states with equrilibrium points and limit cycles including their stability is the next topic. The classification of equilibrium points and limit cycles are shown with animations. Quasi-periodic and frequency locked states are the next subjects illustrated with animation. The basics of bifurcation, the period doubling with a few animated examples are shown. Next topic is the chaotic state, Lyapunov exponent and fractal geometry. The basics of maps with interactive animations conclude the first part.

Second part: The second part illustrates the applications of the theory in power electronics by showing some system and the results obtained after using the new approach. The first example is the digital current control of induction motor by space vector modulation. Bifurcation diagram and various bifurcations are shown. The second example is the hysteresis current control of voltage source converter. Here period doubling cascade and Lyapunov exponent versus a bifurcation parameter beside the Poincaré map are presented. Output voltage controlled dc-dc converter is the next example: Quasi-periodic and chaotic states are detected here. Three more examples concludes this part. They are:direct torque controlled (DTC) introdution machine, time sharing inverter and power factor correction system. Short summary concludes the presentation.

Throughout the presentation the concepts, the physical considerations are accentuated and basicly no mathematics are used.

Istvan Nagy
Professor
Budapest University of Technology

The Exhilarating Journey from Industrial Electronics to Industrial Informatics

If we had a look at the industrial developments that took place in the 20th century, the first half could be said to be hardware dominated in the sense that the improvements in productivity and product quality were mostly due to improvements in "the hardware." The operational speed and the accuracy of the industrial machinery steadily increased, mostly due to the improvements in the precision of the mechanical parts. Along the same lines, the early second half could be said to be software dominated. It was the software used in microprocessor based control systems that enabled a production line to operate faster and more accurately. Even the improvements in industrial machinery (the hardware) were due to the possibilities offered by Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing. The era of industrial electronics got started around this period, industrial automation in the form of mechanical controls and switches, slowly giving way to electronic controls and signal processing. The last few decades of the century, on the other hand, are characterized by the fusion of different technologies, the first example of which may be (going back almost to the start of the century) electromechanics, then optoelectronics, then mechatronics, then telematics, then bioinformatics, and so on. As a result of this, the boundaries between industrial sectors and academic disciplines have eroded very rapidly. In the new millennium, it is very difficult to put clear boundaries between industrial sectors, between products and services, between producers and users, between IT, communications, media, consumer electronics and even between IT and non-IT industries. The area of industrial automation and control has had its share of the changes too. It is easy to see how dominant IT has become in industrial electronics if one considers the changes in time spent by an engineer in designing a controlled drive system:

• Before the 1960s: 80% for designing a control system with mechanical switches.
• After the 1960s: 80% for designing power electronics converters.
• After the 1980s: 80% for designing digital hardware and software.
• Currently: 90% for software and IT!

After the introduction described above, the presentation will discuss the evolution of the manufacturing paradigms, especially the changes observed in the manufacturing industry during the last decade. The goals of the Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Consortium will be highlighted with special emphasis on Holonic Manufacturing Systems with some demonstrations.

In the closing parts of the presentation, the state-of-the-art reached in industrial informatics with examples and a perspective on the future will be presented, pointing out the challenges that the manufacturing industry will have to face by the end of the next decade.

Okyay Kaynak
Professor of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bogazici University
Director of Mechatronics Research and Applications Center, Bogazici University

Design and Modelng of Smart Environments: A Framework based on Learning and Prediction

We live in an increasingly connected and automated society. Smart environments embody this trend by linking computers and other devices to everyday tasks and settings. Important features of such environments are that they possess a degree of autonomy, adapt themselves to changing conditions and user preferences, and communicate with humans in a natural way. Smart environment technologies can be embedded in homes, offices, airports, hospitals, classrooms, and other settings in which we conduct our daily activities. Interest in smart environments has existed for decades, however, recent advances in smart devices, wireless and sensor networks, mobile and pervasive computing, machine learning, and middleware technologies are now making this dream a reality.

In this talk, we will examine techniques for inhabitant context (e.g., activity, location) modeling, prediction, and action automation that are critical components of a smart environment. In particular, based on information theory, we will propose a learning and prediction paradigm that manages uncertainty due to inhabitants' contexts in daily lives. The basic idea is to build compressed dictionary of context profiles collected from sensors and other monitoring devices, efficiently learn from such profiles, and optimally track and predict future contexts. Successful predictions not only helps automate tasks and adaptive control of device operations, but also leads to context-aware resource management schemes. We will illustrate the proposed concepts with the help of MavHome project at UT Arlington.

Finally, we will discuss how game theory plays an important role in resolving conflicts among multiple inhabitants' context, and conclude with open research challenges.

Sajal K. Das
Professor at Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of Texas

Advances in Lighting Electronics Technology

The quality and level of lighting have become a significant symbol to evaluate the degree of modernization in a country. State Economic and Trade Commission began to initiate the project of green lighting in China from Nov. 1993 and put it into national project in 1996. As green lighting engineering has been put into practice, High Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps and Metal halide lamps (MH) have become one of the preferred products of green lighting because of their high efficacy, color render and its energy saving. However, traditional electromagnetic ballasts for these lamps can't satisfy the demand of modern lighting system, due to their drawbacks including large size and heavy weight, lower power factor, flicker, poor power regulation and sensitive to line-voltage dips. Although analog electronic ballasts overcome most of drawbacks of electromagnetic ballasts, they still suffer from high cost and poor reliability. Especially, it is also difficult to monitor every HID lamp remotely. Careful study of digital electronic ballast based on microprocessor has been preceded in recent years. The presentation will introduce the concept of lighting electronics, which is a multi-discipline with its correlative subjects of lighting source, power electronics, and control engineering etc. The study of this subject is of important meaning in theory and the proposed methods also have practical values. The industry status and technical trends of lighting electronics will also be addressed. Aim at the improvement of the reliability and intelligence of the present electronic ballast, the presentation will investigate the development trend of electronic ballast technology, a configuration of digital electronic ballast platform based on microprocessor is introduced. Microprocessor technology has been applied to the implementation of all control functions in order to simplify the circuit and improve the reliability. An interface between microprocessor and power line carrier communication module is described in order to achieve ballast control via power line. Starting technique of HID Lamps is an important issue, because it directly determines the lifetime of HID Lamps. This presentation will present the study of HID lamp starting behavior, and point out the problems of the present starting method.

The outline of the presentation is as following:
• China outlines ten programs for energy efficiency-Environment-friendly lighting
• China Energy Sources Background
• Green Lighting
• The Relationship Between Lighting Electronics and Its Correlative Disciplines
• Basic Classification of Lighting Source Including the Classification of MH Lamp
• Technical Performance Index of Main Lighting Source
• Differences Between European Standard and American Standard
• National Recommendation and Standards
• Successful Lifetime Test Criteria
• Classification of EB-Ballast Types and Operating Characteristics
• Successful ballast criteria
• Key Investigate Items and Key Techniques in R&D of EB
• Structure of E-B (Three-Power-Stage & Two Power-Stage & Single Power Stage Electronic Ballast)
• How to Avoid Acoustic Resonances
• Principle Scheme of Boost PFC and Extension to other PFC Topologies
• Power Section and Related EMI
• Optimized Design of Electronic Ballast for HID Lamps
• Digital Dimmable EB
• Dimming Control for Street Lighting
• GIS and Network Based Street Lighting Monitoring & Management System
• Power Line Carrier Communication
• PLC Network Based Green House Illumination with Dimmable Electronic Ballast
• DALI-Digital Addressable Lighting Interface
• DALI and Building Management Systems
• LED Lighting System

Dianguo XU
Dean of Electrical Engineering and Automation School, Harbin Institute of Technology
Director of Chinese Association of Automation